实现流水灯控制（可加减速）
流水灯
通过 Wokwi 仿真 micropython on ESP32 开发板，实现流水灯控制，可通过按键来改变流水灯的行为。
python
"""
写一个流水灯，赤橙黄绿，线材对应相应的颜色，采取不同的颜色按钮对应不同的功能，
粉色为加速，蓝色为减速，白色为默认，并且把相应的ID改为对应的按键名。
整体流程就是：主程序是定时器流水灯的闪烁，中断服务是时间的控制，
运行顺序是从头到尾之后，通过定时器的调用来运行不同是函数。
"""
from machine import Pin, Timer
# 定义流水灯
SPEED = 1000 # 控制频率
"""
配置在引脚的触发源处于活动状态时调用的中断处理程序。
如果引脚模式是 Pin.IN 则触发源是引脚上的外部值。
如果引脚模式是 Pin.OUT 则触发源是引脚的输出缓冲器。
如果引脚模式是 Pin.OPEN_DRAIN 那么触发源是状态'0'的输出缓冲器和状态'1'的外部引脚值。
"""
leds = [Pin(i, Pin.OUT) for i in range(4, 8)] # 创建流水灯列表
timer_s = Timer(0) # 构建定时器，创建控制速度对象。
i = 0 # 控制灯的循环
def twinkle(t): # 定义闪烁函数
global i # 设置全局变量i, 用于切换LED
print("SPEED={}".format(SPEED)) # 打印LED闪的速度
leds[i % 4].value(1 - leds[i % 4].value()) # 切换LED
i = i + 1
def default(t): # 定义一个默认速度的函数
global SPEED # 设置全局变量SPEED, 用于调节LED闪的速度
SPEED = 500 # 定义默认速度
timer_s.init(period=SPEED, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=twinkle) # 定时器初始化，接收指定的速度周期性的回调闪灯函数。
# 定时器的调用，每个函数都要有才可以在运行函数时处理定时器
def up(t): # 定义一个加速的函数
global SPEED # 设置全局变量SPEED, 用于调节LED闪的速度
if SPEED >= 100: # 设置加速后的速度
SPEED = SPEED // 2 # 加速的速度
timer_s.init(period=SPEED, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=twinkle) # 定时器初始化，接收指定的速度周期性的回调闪灯函数
def down(t): # 定义一个减速的函数
global SPEED # 设置全局变量SPEED, 用于调节LED闪的速度
if SPEED < 1000: # 设置减速后的速度
SPEED = SPEED * 2 # 减速的速度
timer_s.init(period=SPEED, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=twinkle) # 定时器初始化，接收指定的速度周期性的回调闪灯函数
"""
# period:周期时间(单位为ms)
# mode:工作模式，有 Timer.ONE_SHOT(执行一次)和 Timer.PERIODIC(周期性执行)两种
# callback:定时器中断的回调函数
"""
btn_default = Pin(13, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP) # 定义默认按钮，pin 脚模式为输入，上拉
btn_Up = Pin(12, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP) # 定义加速按钮，pin 脚模式为输入，上拉
btn_down = Pin(14, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP) # 定义减速按钮，pin 脚模式为输入，上拉
btn_default.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_RISING, handler=default) # 默认按钮的中断，触发模式为上升沿中断，在中断触发时调用默认速度函数
btn_Up.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_RISING, handler=up) # 加速按钮的中断，触发模式为上升沿中断，在中断触发时调用加速函数
btn_down.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_RISING, handler=down) # 减速按钮的中断，触发模式为上升沿中断，在中断触发时调用减速函数
timer_s.init(period=SPEED, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=twinkle) # 定时器初始化，接收指定的速度周期性的回调闪灯函数
"""
irq 中断回调参数:
# handler 是一个可选的函数，在中断触发时调用
# trigger 配置可以触发中断的事件。可能的值是：
# Pin.IRQ_FALLING 下降沿中断
# Pin.IRQ_RISING 上升沿中断
# Pin.IRQ_RISING_FALLING 上升沿或下降沿中断
# Pin.IRQ_LOW_LEVEL 低电平中断
# Pin.IRQ_HIGH_LEVEL 高电平中断
"""json
{
"version": 1,
"author": "zhengxinonly",
"editor": "wokwi",
"parts": [
{
"type": "board-esp32-s3-devkitc-1",
"id": "esp",
"top": 0,
"left": 0,
"attrs": { "env": "micropython-20231227-v1.22.0", "flashSize": "8" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-led",
"id": "led1",
"top": 0,
"left": -220,
"attrs": { "color": "white", "lightColor": "green", "label": "green LED" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-led",
"id": "led2",
"top": 0,
"left": -180,
"attrs": { "color": "white", "lightColor": "yellow", "label": "yellow LED" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-led",
"id": "led3",
"top": 0,
"left": -140,
"attrs": { "color": "white", "lightColor": "blue", "label": "blue LED" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-led",
"id": "led4",
"top": 0,
"left": -100,
"attrs": { "color": "white", "lightColor": "red", "label": "red LED" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
"id": "btn1",
"top": 250,
"left": -240,
"attrs": { "color": "red", "label": "Up" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
"id": "btn2",
"top": 250,
"left": -160,
"attrs": { "color": "green", "label": "Default" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-pushbutton",
"id": "btn3",
"top": 250,
"left": -80,
"attrs": { "color": "grey", "label": "Down" }
}
],
"connections": [
[ "esp:TX", "$serialMonitor:RX", "", [] ],
[ "esp:RX", "$serialMonitor:TX", "", [] ],
[ "led4:A", "esp:4", "red", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led3:A", "esp:5", "blue", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led2:A", "esp:6", "yellow", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led1:A", "esp:7", "green", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led1:C", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led2:C", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led3:C", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led4:C", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "btn1:2.r", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "h8", "v0" ] ],
[ "btn2:2.r", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "h8", "v0" ] ],
[ "btn3:2.r", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "h8", "v0" ] ],
[ "btn1:1.r", "esp:14", "red", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "btn2:1.r", "esp:12", "white", [ "v0" ] ]
],
"dependencies": {}
}跑马灯
python
from machine import Pin # 导入 Pin (开发板中 Pin 代表 GPIO)
from time import sleep_ms # 导入时间
# 定义每个角，脚的状态为输出。
pins = [Pin(p, Pin.OUT) for p in [4,5,6,7]]
def setPins(values): # 定义每个脚的值，也就是每个灯的值
for i in range(4):
pins[i].value(values[i])
def runLed(speed): # 定义跑马灯函数
while True: # 写一个死循环
setPins([1,0,0,0]) # 一次传给每个LED灯的值，值为1对应的灯亮
sleep_ms(speed) # 设置跑马灯的速度
setPins([0,1,0,0])
sleep_ms(speed)
setPins([0,0,1,0])
sleep_ms(speed)
setPins([0,0,0,1])
sleep_ms(speed)
runLed(200) # 运行跑马灯函数json
{
"version": 1,
"author": "zhengxinonly",
"editor": "wokwi",
"parts": [
{
"type": "board-esp32-s3-devkitc-1",
"id": "esp",
"top": -9.78,
"left": -43.43,
"attrs": { "env": "micropython-20231227-v1.22.0", "flashSize": "8" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-led",
"id": "led1",
"top": 0,
"left": -220,
"attrs": { "color": "white", "lightColor": "green", "label": "green LED" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-led",
"id": "led2",
"top": 0,
"left": -180,
"attrs": { "color": "white", "lightColor": "yellow", "label": "yellow LED" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-led",
"id": "led3",
"top": 0,
"left": -140,
"attrs": { "color": "white", "lightColor": "blue", "label": "blue LED" }
},
{
"type": "wokwi-led",
"id": "led4",
"top": 0,
"left": -100,
"attrs": { "color": "white", "lightColor": "red", "label": "red LED" }
}
],
"connections": [
[ "esp:TX", "$serialMonitor:RX", "", [] ],
[ "esp:RX", "$serialMonitor:TX", "", [] ],
[ "esp:4", "r1:2", "green", [ "h0" ] ],
[ "r1:1", "led1:A", "green", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led4:A", "esp:4", "red", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led3:A", "esp:5", "red", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led2:A", "esp:6", "red", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led1:A", "esp:7", "red", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led1:C", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led2:C", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led3:C", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "v0" ] ],
[ "led4:C", "esp:GND.1", "black", [ "v0" ] ]
],
"dependencies": {}
}